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Bridge
construction method
In general there are various construction methods in use
in the construction sector. However, this site deals specifically
with the construction method for segmental bridges as
this is the most innovative current development in bridge
building. Furthermore, a large section of TT Fijnmechanica
B.V.’s product range is used specifically for this
method of construction.
Construction principle
A segmental bridge with external prestressing consists
of smaller pre-fabricated concrete segments placed against
one another on two supporting piers (see animation below).
Everything is pulled together using steel prestressing
tendons and they lend the structure its strength and stability.
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The
method
Segmental bridges with external prestressing are built
using pre-fabricated, hollow concrete segments. A section
of bridge consists of several of these concrete segments
which are prestressed into a single unit. This method
– sub-divided into steps - will be briefly discussed
below. |
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First of all bridge piers are placed
at the building site to which supports for the segment
launching gantry are affixed. |
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A specially built launching gantry
is placed on the bridge pier supports. This steel
launching gantry is mobile and has a crane for placing
the concrete segments and hydraulic jacks for positioning
them. |
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In many cases the concrete segments
are manufactured off the building site. Transporting
these concrete segments to the building site is
however pretty simple owing to their limited weight
and relatively small dimensions. Conventional transport
is often used: trucks are used to deliver the separate
concrete segments by road or across the already
completed bridge sections. A derrick is then attached
to the concrete segment. |
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The concrete segments are lifted
off the launching gantry and the derrick using a
gantry crane. They are then moved to their intended
position, turned 90 degrees and mounted on hydraulic
jacks. The jacks are used to position the segments
in exactly the right final position. |
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All the concrete segments are placed
on the launching gantry one by one until the span
is completed. |
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Once the bridge section has been
entirely equipped with concrete segments steel tendons
are pulled through the segments and prestressed
using hollow stressing jacks. |
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The steel cables are secured using
anchor heads and wedges. The launching gantry is
moved to the next bridge section to be built. Finally,
the ends of the tendons are ground off and the closing
segment is mounted. Eventually the bridge is ready
– as far as prestressing is concerned –
for further finishing and ultimately use. |
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mass production of the prefabricated
segments provides more quality control; |
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enables shorter construction
times; |
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enables construction independent
of climatic conditions; |
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the structure can be fully
loaded immediately after being pre-stressed;
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the pre-stressed cables can
be inspected and replaced at all times; |
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the superstructure can be realised
without the underlying infrastructure having
to be stopped; |
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low weight due to thin bridge
sections; |
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strengthening using pre-stressing
is possible at any time; |
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istortions of the structure
can be controlled better. |
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| project: |
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Windmills |
| country: |
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Europe-Asia |
| completed in: |
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2006-2007 |
| application: |
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prestressing | |
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| project: |
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Santiago Bernabeu Stadion
(Real Madrid
C.F.) |
| country: |
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Spain |
| completed in: |
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2003 |
| application: |
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heavy
lifting | |
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| project: |
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Kursk Lifting Operation |
| country: |
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Russia |
| completed in: |
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2001 |
| application: |
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heavy
lifting | |
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| project: |
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Svinesund Bridge |
| country: |
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Sweden |
| completed in: |
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2004 |
| application: |
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prestressing |
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| project: |
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London-eye |
| country: |
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England |
| completed in: |
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2000 |
| application: |
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heavy
lifting |
| hight: |
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135 m | |
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| project: |
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Dubai Highway |
| country: |
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United Emirates |
| completed in: |
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2000-today |
| application: |
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prestressing | |
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